Who am I to edit the teachings of
Jesus?
I’m an ordinary man, living in a
small, ordinary town, with no accomplishments of particular note. I’m a
shopkeeper, living and working on the main street of a
That being said, I went ahead and tried to
state the essence of Jesus’ teachings, as he would have made them to the
ordinary people of first century
I further
feel that the transmission of Jesus’ teaching came to me via Leo Tolstoy, a
Russian nobleman and writer at the turn of the last century. Tolstoy felt that he had heard the inner
voice of Jesus, so I listened to Tolstoy, and now you may, or may not, listen
to me. That’s the way The Spirit seems
to work, in the mystical tradition to which many Christians, as well as
non-Christians, subscribe today.
I originally began to look at the
basic teachings of Jesus for several reasons.
The first began several years ago when a new acquaintance handed me an
evangelical pamphlet, which he believed would introduce me to salvation. It was filled with a number of Biblical
quotations that were meant to lead me to the salvation offered by God’s Son,
Jesus. However, when I looked at the
source of the quotations, I couldn’t help but notice that not one of them was
from the Gospels -- not one of them actually purported to be a quote from Jesus. It was almost as if to say: no one gets to
the Father except through Paul, John, Peter or anyone other than Jesus. Jesus was obviously important to the authors
of the pamphlet only as something of a walking metaphor, and his teachings were
not of primary importance, at least as far as the author of the pamphlet was
concerned. Since that time, I have
glanced at a number of Bible-quoting pamphlets, and I find that, repeatedly,
they ignore the actual sayings of Jesus in favor of the epistle writers, as if
Jesus just could’t choose the right words or stories for converting, or
redeeming, anyone.
Then during
a Sunday service several years ago, I listened more closely to the story of the
transfiguration in the book of Luke.
This led to several across-the-store-counter questions of some
professedly pious Christians: “What does
God command us to do in the presence of Jesus?
Are we to worship and adore him, love him to pieces or continually
regard him as separate-but-equal with God, our creator?” The answer from most
of those I questioned was that we should worship Jesus, while the
answer from God at the conclusion of the transfiguration incident was
clear: “This is my beloved son, listen
to him.” So obviously, God the
Father thought that the words of Jesus were of major importance, although we
have no record that Jesus actually wrote down any of his words. The Bible only records that Jesus once wrote
words in the sand, doodling with a stick, and then left the words behind when
he departed.
Another time, my now son-in-law, a
talented scientist and teacher, asked me for something that would explain what
Christianity actually was. I thought of
telling him to read the Gospels, beginning with the Book of Mark, as had once
been recommended to me, but I then thought it might be disheartening for him, a
developing scientist, to plunge directly into Biblical reading. So I recommended C.S. Lewis’ Mere
Christianity as a lucid explanation of what core beliefs/opinions lay at
the heart of Christianity, even as I wondered if there was a better work on the
subject. Lewis wrote about Christianity
for people who felt they knew Christianity, but not for those who had no such
connection or who felt antagonism or disappointment toward religious practices.
Then along came Leo Tolstoy. I knew Tolstoy’s biography, but a close
friend and spiritual advisor recommended The Kingdom of God is Within You,
which in turn led me to Tolstoy’s Gospel in Brief. Like Thomas Jefferson, Steven Mitchell, Alan
Watts and a host of others, Tolstoy felt that modern Christianity had been
overly influenced by writings about Jesus instead of
revealing the actual religion of Jesus. So Tolstoy, arguably one of the world’s
greatest writers, sat down with his knowledge of Greek and Latin and developed
his own translation of the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, without any clouding
of these teachings due to a narrative line or particular dogmas of the Orthodox
Church. He also felt, as did Thomas
Jefferson before him, that the teachings of Jesus had been so changed by the editorialists
of the early church that many “lesser,” or institutional, minds had intruded
onto the actual words of Jesus. However,
the essential teachings would stand out as “diamonds in a dunghill,” and we
have only to extract them to see with startling clarity the beauty and possible
divinity of the teachings of Rabbi Jesus of
And that is what happened to me.
While Tolstoy’s Gospel is organized using
the Lord’s Prayer as an outline, and while it is not long, I still felt it’s
primary ideas could be condensed even further and sharpened a bit by being
re-stated in the language of today. Of
course, one obvious problem arises whenever someone begins to write down
favorite Bible verses and stories and ignore or overlook verses that do not attract
the collector’s attention: “How dare you leave that out!” This is a most justifiable criticism, and yet
it is one that could be made of every reader, preacher or follower of the Gospels.
Selectivity is unavoidable, simply
because there are so many contradictory ideas throughout the Bible. Any Biblical reader or student is going to
follow favorite themes, or they are going to be attracted to a particular
vision of Jesus. That is happening here,
too. However, I have always agreed with
theologians who felt that there has to be a
core, a starting point if you will, to the teachings of all religious
leaders, and Jesus’ core teachings are no exception.
Jesus has been given a number of titles
over the years: “Son of God,” “Immanuel,” “Second Person of the Trinity,” “King of Kings,” or “Most Perfect Human.” I’ve heard a number of sermons on these
titles, and I have also heard devout believers remark: “Jesus couldn’t just be a teacher; he has to
be more than that!” For them,
ironically, the humility of being simply a teacher was not fit for someone who taught humility as a
virtue. Personally, I’m not bothered by
the fact that Jesus accepted the title of “rabbi” or “teacher.” It means much more to me than “King of
Kings,” since an ancient Persian title doesn’t have quite the impact it had
2,000 years ago. I also have to admit
I’m sometimes bothered by the “praise service” concept of some churches,
because they seem to have a degree of theological arrogance to them: “Our God
is so wonderful, so we must be wonderful, too!”
The image brought to mind is of finding an ant nest where the
ants were lined up and singing a praise song to a little boy hovering
over their nest. The little boy might like the tune or he may
not, but from the teachings of Jesus, the little boy would be acting
more godly if he wished the ants were conducting a charitable endeavor
instead of a performance.
As I noted above, whole Christian
sects have sprung up based solely upon the writings about Jesus in the
epistles, without considering the fact that the authors of these letters never
quote Jesus’ teachings or sayings directly – perhaps because they had never
read them. The Epistle writers were more
than likely deceased by the time Jesus’ teachings were compiled or written
down, or if such texts existed, the Epistle writers may not have had access to
them. Nor would they particularly care
to read such a document. For Paul, in
particular, Jesus’ role was sacrificial and spiritual. Jesus’ life, death and resurrection were
what counted, and Jesus’ teachings were simply re-statements of the essential
truths of the Torah and the prophets, which Paul, a Pharisee, knew very
well. For Paul, Jesus’ teachings were
not unique. It was Jesus’ existence that
was unique, divine, and important beyond all measures of importance.
And Paul and the Epistle writers were
correct about Jesus’ teachings. He
didn’t teach anything that was totally original, but, as C.S. Lewis points out
in Mere Christianity, “great moral teachers never do introduce new
moralities: it is quacks and cranks who
do that.” (p. 78, MacMillan Paperbacks Edition, 1960) If we want to call ourselves followers
of Jesus, called The Christ, the anointed one of God, we certainly ought to
look closely at what the man had to say, and yet I find that throughout much of
my life, the actual teachings of Jesus are not given much primacy. This can be blamed, at least in part, to the
view that Jesus was walking around on earth primarily to act out a ritual of
salvation for mankind. The presentation
of this idea is one of my earliest memories of theological thought. A Sunday school teacher taught us the word
“atonement” and explained that Jesus had to be a sacrifice to bring us into
“at-one-ment” with God, who for some reason required that a Lamb be slaughtered
for this purpose. I remember wondering
later why God would blame all of us for the failure of one man, Adam, but that
was God’s business. He was, after all,
the Big Guy in the Sky, and He could do whatever He wanted. If God was angry with each and every one of
us, at least we had an intercessor (I imagined a divine Perry Mason, only
slimmer and with long, blond hair) that would plead with a stern God not to
give us our just desserts. Changes to
this theology occurred with my increasing years, as they continue
today.
In compiling
these teachings of Jesus, I imagined that if Jesus came to talk to someone like
me, an ordinary man in an ordinary town, there would not be time for a long
series of lectures. If Jesus had only
come in a time when pamphleteering was possible, at least we would have some
outline of his actual teachings, but if such a text existed, it has been lost. So I’m attempting to fill this void. Am I editorializing? Certainly!
We all do, just as the initial apostles did, so in this regard, I am
continuing a long, established tradition of Christian writers. Am I fully qualified for this task? Certainly not! But I think I have a calling for the quest,
which goes back to my childhood.
After finishing my confirmation
classes at Madeira Presbyterian Church in
As a person growing up in mid-century
America, when science was exploding with possibilities and a “new thought” came
almost daily, it was tough to reconcile religion with reality, and now as I
grow older, I see that it was (and still is) a problem for a great many others,
both Christian and non-Christian. When
faced with a conflict between what religions teach and science shows, most of
us will postpone the resolution of the problem by erecting a mental
“wall.” Religion is on one side; “the
world” is on the other. This is not
necessarily a bad thing to do, and it is somewhat consistent with the teachings
of Jesus, who kept repeating that the world of the spirit is not the same as
the materialistic world, although the material world exists within the
spiritual world. The problems come when
the wall crumbles, as it frequently does.
Galileo looked through his telescope, biologists look through their
microscopes or physicists look with their minds and, presto, reality shifts. We
think we have God figured out, and then something happens -- a sudden death, a
startling act of cruelty or a homosexual Samaritan showing up at the door. All can make us search again for a
God-Who-Won’t-Stand-Still.
What I have found in the teachings of
Jesus is a consistent voice that gives a way to live a full and loving life. By
making this voice as brief as I can, I hope
to make it easier to digest, both for myself and for others. And
it has been a help for me at times. If a reader doesn't
agree with the points I have raised, that is fine. They should
make a gospel for themselves. It can be a most worthwhile occupation.